![]() When the microwave signal exactly matches the material’s resonance frequency - 9.192631770 GHz, in the case of cesium - the number of atoms changing state will be at a maximum, so you know when you’ve hit the right frequency. Another magnetic field removes one state and the remaining atoms are counted. The remaining atoms are subjected to a microwave signal which causes some of the atoms to flip to the opposite state. The lasers, however didn’t work during a snowstorm, but when they did work the results were comparable to the optical fiber method.Ī standard atomic clock takes a beam of atoms that are in two states and uses a magnetic field to remove all the atoms in one state. But there were also links carried by lasers aimed from one facility to another. Some of the links used optical fibers, a method used before. ![]() In recent news, the Boulder Atomic Clock Optical Network - otherwise known as BACON - compared times from three optical clocks and found that the times differed a little more than they had predicted, but the clocks were still amazingly accurate relative to each other. But there is a move to replace that definition using optical clocks that are 100 times more accurate than a standard atomic clock. The very definition of a second - in modern times, at least - is 9,192,631,770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of a stationary cesium-133 atom at a temperature of 0K. We normally think of atomic clocks as the gold standard in timekeeping.
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